Objective: Coronaviruses that cause respiratory infections in humans are known to be neuropathogenic. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is an association between the severity of viral pneumonia and anxiety and depression levels in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Prospective study of 165 patients, patients were divided into two groups (intubated and non-intubated) according to whether they were intubated during follow-up. Results: Of 165 patients included, 70 were intubated after the first 7 days of follow-up. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) score was 10.37±3.75 (p < 0.001) in these patients. The length of ICU stay was 25±22.3 days (p < 0.001), and the length of overall hospital stay was 28.28±23.37 days, significantly longer than in patients who were not intubated (p < 0.001). The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score scores, as well as GAD-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire-9, were positively associated with length of ICU stay and length of hospital stay (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The presence and exacerbation of anxiety and depression symptoms can provide information about the aggravation and progression of the underlying disease.

Resumo Introdução A rinossinusite crônica é uma síndrome clínica ampla, caracterizada por inflamação da mucosa nasal e seios paranasais. Para que os seios paranasais mantenham suas funções fisiológicas, as vias de drenagem do complexo ostiomeatal devem estar abertas. Os procedimentos cirúrgicos são uma importante opção de tratamento em pacientes que não respondem adequadamente ao tratamento clínico. Embora os métodos e instrumentos utilizados na cirurgia endoscópica funcional dos seios paranasais tenham melhorado continuamente, o tecido cicatricial formado durante a cirurgia interrompe a drenagem dos seios nasais e reduz o sucesso pós-operatório. O método natural de dilatação ostial, que é aplicado por meio da técnica de sinuplastia com balão, tem se tornado cada vez mais popular nos últimos anos. Objetivos Comparar a técnica de sinuplastia com balão com o método convencional de cirurgia endoscópica, no mesmo paciente, considerando a gravidade da rinossinusite crônica. Método Foram incluídos no estudo 61 pacientes com rinossinusite crônica. Por meio de tomografia dos seios paranasais e de acordo a escala de Lund-Mackay foram determinados os graus da rinossinusite crônica. Os casos foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo 1 (grupo com rinossinusite crônica grave) e Grupo 2 (rinossinusite crônica leve). Resultados No Grupo 2 não houve diferença estatisticamente significante, segundo a escala de Lund-Mackay, no resultado da comparação dos seios paranasais nos quais foram realizadas a sinuplastia com balão e por cirurgia endoscópica convencional. No entanto, no Grupo 1, os resultados da comparação dos escores pós-operatórios de Lund-Mackay mostraram-se estatística e significativamente melhores naqueles submetidos à cirurgia endoscópica funcional dos seios paranasais. Conclusão O sucesso da sinuplastia com balão em pacientes com rinossinusite leve é o mesmo da cirurgia endoscópica funcional dos seios da face tradicional. No entanto, à medida que a gravidade da rinossinusite aumenta, a eficácia da sinuplastia com balão diminui.

Abstract Introduction Chronic rhinosinusitis is a broad clinical syndrome characterized by mucosal inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses. In order for the paranasal sinuses to maintain their physiological functions; the ostiomeatal complex drainage pathways must be open. Surgical procedures are an important treatment option in patients who do not respond adequately to medical treatment. Although the methods and instruments used in functional endoscopic sinus surgery have continued to improve in recent years, the scar tissue formed during operation disrupts the drainage of the sinuses and reduces postoperative success. The natural ostiodilatation method, which is performed by balloon sinoplasty method, has become more and more popular in recent years. Objectives To compare the technique of balloon sinoplasty with the classical functional endoscopic sinus surgery method by considering the severity of chronic sinusitis on the same patient. Methods Total of 61 chronic sinusitis patients was included in the study. Paranasal sinus tomography of the patients was taken and according to the Lund-Mackay scoring, chronic sinusitis levels were determined. Cases were divided into two groups: Group 1 (severe chronic sinusitis group) and Group 2 (mild chronic sinusitis). Results There was no statistically significant difference in the results of comparison of sinuses which underwent balloon sinoplasty and classical functional endoscopic sinus surgery in Group 2 after Lund-Mackay scores. However in Group 1, the results of the comparison of postoperative Lund-Mackay scores of the balloon sinoplasty and the classical endoscopic operation were statistically significantly lower than those of the face half operated with the classical functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Conclusion The success of balloon sinoplasty in patients with mild sinusitis is the same as in classic functional endoscopic sinus surgery. However, as the severity of sinusitis increases, the efficacy of balloon sinoplasty decreases.